The core beliefs of Buddhism were a reaction to Vedic beliefs. Vedic
religion created a strict caste system that was connected to the idea of
reincarnation. People were born into one of four classes and could not move to
a different class within their lifetime. In order to be reborn into a higher
social class, followers of the Vedic religion had to live life admirably. People
were unhappy with the idea that there was no escape from the caste system, but
Buddhism offered the chance to achieve enlightenment and the escape of the
caste system altogether. Buddhism also was based on the idea of
reincarnation, but the idea of nirvana brought hope to people who felt trapped
in the caste system.
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